Author: Katherine Shrader, Associated Press
Writer
Publication: USA Today
Date: January 11, 2007
URL: http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2007-01-11-terror-threats_x.htm
Al-Qaeda poses the gravest terrorist threat
to the United States and an emboldened Hezbollah is a growing danger, the
U.S. intelligence chief said Thursday.
In his annual review of global threats, National
Intelligence Director John Negroponte highlighted an increasingly worrisome
assessment of Hezbollah - backed by Iran and Syria - since its 34-day war
with Israel last year.
"As a result of last summer's hostilities,
Hezbollah's self-confidence and hostility toward the United States as a supporter
of Israel could cause the group to increase its contingency planning against
United States interests," Negroponte told the Senate Intelligence Committee.
He depicted a more multifaceted terrorist
threat than in years past. Since the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, U.S. spy agencies
have stressed the threat from al-Qaeda and associated Sunni extremist groups,
rather than from Hezbollah and other Shiite Muslim groups.
Hezbollah has a global fundraising network,
but has not directly attacked U.S. interests in years. It was responsible
for the 1983 bombings of the U.S. Embassy and the Marine barracks in Beirut,
that killed hundreds of American servicemen. The group's Saudi wing, in coordination
with the larger Lebanese Hezbollah, is blamed for the Khobar Towers bombing
in Saudi Arabia in 1996.
A separate report by government task force
predicted that attacks against America and its allies probably would increase
in the next few years because terrorists' intentions have not diminished and
their methods are "very nimble and very complex."
The panel said al-Qaeda is a diminished organization
overall with a core that is "resilient and in some respects resurgent,"
according to the chairman, former Rep. Lee Hamilton, D-Ind.
Negroponte said Iraq is at a "precarious
juncture" and the Baghdad government needs to establish secular institutions
that can bridge sectarian differences. The flow of weapons and fighters from
Iran and Syria in support of Shiites must be stemmed, he said, and al-Qaeda
in Iraq must be stopped.
The head of the Defense Intelligence Agency
painted a picture of unchecked bloodshed in Iraq that has led more people
to turn to sectarian groups for their basic needs and threatened the country's
unity. Robust criminal networks are exacerbating the situation, Lt. Gen. Michael
Maples said.
His agency believes the U.S.-led coalition
in Iraq "is the primary counter to a breakdown in central authority,"
Maples said.
Al-Qaeda is America's top concern among terrorist
groups, he said. Osama bin Laden's network maintains active connections "that
radiate outward from their leaders' secure hide-out in Pakistan to affiliates
throughout the Middle East, northern Africa and Europe," Negroponte said.
Conventional explosives are the "most
probable" means of attack from the group, he said, but there are reports
al-Qaeda is trying to obtain chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear
weapons.
In his written testimony, FBI Director Robert
Mueller said al-Qaeda's choice of targets and methods most likely will focus
on the aviation, energy and mass transit sectors. The group is interested,
too, in attacks against large public gatherings and symbolic targets such
as monuments.
Their testimony came as President Bush pursues
a revised course in Iraq and overhauls his national security team. Last week,
the president nominated Negroponte to the No. 2 State Department post and
asked former National Security Agency Director Mike McConnell to succeed Negroponte.
Senate Democrats were skeptical that Bush's
decision to send 20,000 more U.S. troops would improve security in Iraq.
The Senate committee chairman, Sen. Jay Rockefeller,
said he was concerned that "misguided policies of the administration"
have increased the threat to the United States. "I believe our actions
in Iraq have placed our nation more at risk to terrorist attack than before
the invasion," said Rockefeller, D-W.Va.
The committee's top Republican, Sen. Kit Bond
of Missouri, said now that Bush's has detailed his plan, "It is time
for the Iraqis to step up to the plate or we will obviously consider other
options."
In his first hearing as chairman, Rockefeller
took issue with counterterrorism programs undertaken by the Bush administration,
including secret CIA prisons. He pledged to hold hearings and said the administration
can "no longer stonewall" requests for information now that Democrats
control Congress.
Outlining other global threats, the intelligence
officials told senators:
oThe DIA believes attacks in Afghanistan from
the Taliban-led insurgency will increase this spring. "Nearly five years
after the Taliban's fall, many Afghans expected the situation to be better
by now and are beginning to blame President (Hamid) Karzai for the lack of
greater progress," Maples said.
oIn Somalia, where the Islamic government
has collapsed, the transitional U.N.-backed government faces the same obstacles
that have prevented political stability since 1991. "More turmoil could
enable extremists to regain their footing. ... al-Qaeda remains determined
to exploit turmoil in Somalia," Negroponte said.
oIran and North Korea raise the greatest concerns
regarding weapons proliferation. Iran, he said, "is determined to develop
nuclear weapons - despite its international obligations and international
pressure." He said the country "is continuing to pursue uranium
enrichment and has shown more interest in protracting negotiations than reaching
an acceptable diplomatic solution."
oThe U.S. has identified 21 countries - Iran,
North Korea and China are of highest concern - that can develop weapons of
mass destruction or acquire sensitive weapons technologies, Mueller said.
The FBI and other agencies have conducted joint investigations that have led
to both arrests and intelligence.
The separate report by a task force of the
Homeland Security Advisory Council said the most significant threat to the
U.S. arises from the radicalization of Islam, particularly in underdeveloped
societies.
The council, which advised the Homeland Security
secretary, recommended that the government curb the Islamic radicalization
of inmates in U.S. prisons; hire more people from different cultures and more
people who speak more languages; and study attacks abroad and design domestic
tactics to counter those methods.
Associated Press writer Beverly Lumpkin contributed
to this report.